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# University of Puerto Rico-Humacao

PR · Medium public institution · Overall rank #341 nationally

Data snapshot September 27, 2026 · Updated October 21, 2026

Overview[Cost & aid](/school/university-of-puerto-rico-humacao/cost/)[Outcomes](/school/university-of-puerto-rico-humacao/outcomes/)[Admissions](/school/university-of-puerto-rico-humacao/admissions/)[Majors](/school/university-of-puerto-rico-humacao/majors/)[Similar schools](/school/university-of-puerto-rico-humacao/similar/)

## [Azimuth ranks](/analysis/college-program-rankings-how-to-actually-evaluate-programs/) University of Puerto Rico-Humacao #341 among 1,467 nonprofit four-year institutions.

### Who it’s a good fit for

University of Puerto Rico-Humacao is a public university in Humacao, Puerto Rico, where Business and Biological Sciences account for the largest shares of degrees. Access is among the highest we track, and affordability is among the highest we track.

Graduates earn less than the model predicts for students like them, and the typical graduate earns below the median at comparable schools. The model attributes an addition to the factors it measures and a subtraction to the remainder it cannot explain.

Return is below the levels seen at many peers. The lowest income band pays well below the published cost, and the highest band pays the full sticker price.

Mobility is above average. The admission rate is below the median for comparable schools.

An estimated share of graduates continue to graduate study, and the four-year earnings figure counts only graduates who are not enrolled. A student drawn to the largest programs should know that the best-paid ones are much smaller.

## University of Puerto Rico-Humacao at a glance

### Admissions and outcomes

**Admission rate[\[1\]](#hub-data-note-admission)**
54.8%

**Six-year completion[\[2\]](#hub-data-note-completion)**
47.1%

**Four-year earnings[\[3\]](#hub-data-note-earnings)**
$33,230

### Cost and family borrowing

**Average annual net price · $48–75K family income[\[6\]](#hub-data-note-net-price)**
$15,481

**Median student debt[\[4\]](#hub-data-note-student-debt)**
$5,500

**Median Parent PLUS debt[\[7\]](#hub-data-note-gps)**
Not reported

## University of Puerto Rico-Humacao rankings: how Azimuth assesses value[\[5\]](#hub-data-note-rankings)

University of Puerto Rico-Humacao is a public university in Humacao, Puerto Rico, enrolling 2,529 undergraduates. The university admits 54.8% of applicants, a rate that is more selective than the 85.9% median for comparable institutions (same type and size).

Among full-time first-year students, 81.3% return for a second year, and the [six-year graduation rate](/analysis/what-the-graduation-rate-doesnt-count/) is 47.1%. Retention sits above its peer median of 73.7%, while completion is slightly below its peer median of 49.1%.

An estimated 5.8% of entrants arrive as transfers or part-time students, so the graduation rate describes most of the student body. The four pillars are spread across the ranking.

Access is the strongest, at the 99th percentile, and affordability is close behind at the 97th percentile. Return is the weakest of the four, at the 2nd percentile, with mobility in between at the 61st percentile.

Azimuth evaluates University of Puerto Rico-Humacao on four pillars among 1,467 nonprofit four-year institutions. Access is the strongest, at the 99th percentile, and affordability is close behind at the 97th percentile.

Mobility sits at the 61st percentile. Return is the weakest of the four, at the 2nd percentile, and the university's overall composite rank is #341.

Pell Grants reach 80.6% of undergraduates, a measure of financial access at the university. Azimuth ranks University of Puerto Rico-Humacao #14 for access among nonprofit four-year institutions.

That share of undergraduates receiving Pell Grants gives the access pillar its shape in the Azimuth framework. The access rank coincides with that financial-access profile.

Azimuth ranks the university #456 for mobility among nonprofit four-year institutions. Graduates earn about $1,662 less than the model expects for similar students. Graduates earn about $1,662 less than the model expects for similar students.

[How value-added outcomes are assessed](/analysis/a-value-added-approach-to-college-outcomes/) · [How to interpret program rankings](/analysis/college-program-rankings-how-to-actually-evaluate-programs/)

University of Puerto Rico-Humacao rankings in context

| Geography | Rank |
| --- | --- |
| National | #341 |

Azimuth overall value rankings within each geographic comparison group.

### National pillar percentiles

**Economic mobility**
National percentile: 61

**Access & reach**
National percentile: 99

**[Affordability](/school/university-of-puerto-rico-humacao/cost/)**
National percentile: 97

**[Return on investment](/school/university-of-puerto-rico-humacao/outcomes/)**
National percentile: 2

### Top-ranked majors

1.  Microbiological Sciences and Immunology**#37**
2.  International Business**#60**
3.  Social Work**#204**

This school’s three highest-ranked programs nationally. Each rank compares bachelor’s programs in the same field; field sizes differ.

[Explore major rankings](/school/university-of-puerto-rico-humacao/majors/#major-rankings)

01 / University of Puerto Rico-Humacao briefing

## [University of Puerto Rico-Humacao cost & financial aid](/school/university-of-puerto-rico-humacao/cost/)[\[6\]](#hub-data-note-net-price)[\[7\]](#hub-data-note-gps)

The published cost of attendance is $19,547, with in-state tuition and fees of $5,364. The average [net price](/analysis/is-college-worth-it-part-1-the-net-price-illusion/), what aid recipients pay after grants and scholarships, is $12,675.

Aid covers about 35% of the published cost for the average aid recipient, reducing the sticker price by $6,872 on average. That average net price sits $1,393 below the $14,068 median for comparable institutions (same type and size).

Azimuth ranks University of Puerto Rico-Humacao #44 for affordability among 1,467 nonprofit four-year institutions. That places the affordability pillar in the 97th percentile.

The published cost of attendance is $19,547. Azimuth ranks University of Puerto Rico-Humacao #44 for affordability among nonprofit four-year institutions.

After grants and scholarships, the average [net price](/analysis/is-college-worth-it-part-1-the-net-price-illusion/) for aid recipients from families earning under $30,000 is $12,036, for those earning $48,001 to $75,000 it is $15,481, and for those earning over $110,000 it is $19,547. The spread between the lowest and highest bands is $7,511.

Aid covers about 35% of the published cost for the average aid recipient. The average net price across all aid recipients is $12,675, which is $1,393 below the $14,068 median for comparable institutions (same type and size).

Borrowers who finish carry a median of $5,500 in federal student loans. That is $15,729 below the peer median of $21,229.

5.3% of federal aid recipients take federal loans. That debt corresponds to an estimated payment of $63 a month if repaid over ten years.

It estimates your cost and aid at this school based on your family's income and assets.

Your family income

Choose a household income range to see estimated net price.

$0–30K$30–48K$48–75K$75–110K$110K+

Reported average annual net price · $48–75K**$15,481**

After grants and scholarships. Your aid offer may differ.

Averages within each income band; individual aid packages vary.

### Borrowing and repayment at University of Puerto Rico-Humacao

Only 5.3% of federal aid recipients at University of Puerto Rico-Humacao take federal loans. Among those who borrow and complete, the median federal student debt is $5,500.

That median is $15,729 below the $21,229 median for comparable institutions (same type and size). If repaid over ten years, the median debt corresponds to an estimated payment of $63 a month.

University of Puerto Rico-Humacao leaves borrowers with a median of $5,500 in federal loans, $15,729 below the peer median. Median earnings four years after completion are $33,230, which sits at the 2nd percentile among nonprofit four-year institutions.

The comparable-institution median for the same type and size is $57,301, so the gap is $24,071 below that benchmark. They earn about $1,662 less than the model expects for similar students.

That places the earnings-beyond-expectations result at the 49th percentile. Scenario earnings, estimated from the program mix, stretch from $26,291 on the downside through $33,230 as the typical case to $48,886 on the upside.

If repaid over ten years, that debt corresponds to an estimated payment of $63 a month. Debt and earnings both sit below their respective peer medians.

For borrowers with median federal student debt, that debt corresponds to an estimated payment of $63 a month if repaid over ten years.

[How Financial GPS measures payment burden](/analysis/financial-gps-framework/) · [The four risk-and-reward zones](/analysis/4-zones-of-college-risk-and-reward/)

Financial GPS

### What does repayment look like?

**Institution median student debt**
$5,500

**Institution Parent PLUS debt**
No federal loan data

Federal loans only; private or institutional loans aren’t included.

**Estimated student payment · monthly**
$63/mo

**Estimated Parent PLUS payment · monthly**
No federal loan data

Payments use school-wide median balances, not a specific major’s.

Payment assumptions

Payments are 10-year standard payments on the median balance, before loan fees, used as a yardstick. Rates for newly issued loans may differ, and loans made after July 1, 2026 can repay over a longer term; existing loans keep their original fixed rates.

[Explore your own numbers in Financial GPS](/financial-gps/?tool=student&school=university-of-puerto-rico-humacao#student-tool)

[Read the full cost & aid brief](/school/university-of-puerto-rico-humacao/cost/)

02 / University of Puerto Rico-Humacao briefing

## [University of Puerto Rico-Humacao career outcomes & earnings](/school/university-of-puerto-rico-humacao/outcomes/)[\[3\]](#hub-data-note-earnings)[\[8\]](#hub-data-note-scenarios)[\[9\]](#hub-data-note-value-added)

The return pillar is the weakest of the four for University of Puerto Rico-Humacao, sitting at the 2nd percentile among nonprofit four-year institutions. The median earnings four years after completion are $33,230.

That is at the 2nd percentile. That figure is $24,071 below the $57,301 median for comparable institutions (same type and size).

Graduates earn about $1,662 less than the model expects for similar students. The gap is at the 49th percentile.

The part the model attributes to the factors it measures (field of study, enrollment and the local labor market) adds $4,358. The part it attributes to a remainder it does not explain subtracts $6,020.

The earnings picture for graduates of University of Puerto Rico-Humacao is constrained, with a median of $33,230 four years after completion. That measure is drawn from 866 federally aided completers who are working and not enrolled.

It sits $24,071 below the $57,301 median for comparable institutions (same type and size). Among nonprofit four-year institutions, that earnings level is at the 2nd percentile.

Earnings scenarios estimated from the program mix run from a downside of $26,291 to an upside of $48,886, with a typical scenario of $33,230. Based on the program mix, an estimated 37.2% of graduates continue to graduate study.

Graduates earn about $1,662 less than the model expects for similar students. That places the gap at the 49th percentile among nonprofit four-year institutions.

University of Puerto Rico-Humacao is a public university. Four years after completion, federally aided graduates who are working and not enrolled earn a median of $33,230, at the 2nd percentile.

That is $24,071 below the $57,301 median for comparable institutions (same type and size). Graduates earn about $1,662 less than the model expects for similar students.

That places the gap at the 49th percentile. [Azimuth ranks](/analysis/college-program-rankings-how-to-actually-evaluate-programs/) the university #1,440 for return among nonprofit four-year institutions.

The part the model attributes to the factors it measures (field of study, enrollment and the local labor market) adds $4,358. The part it attributes to a remainder it does not explain subtracts $6,020.

Within the measured factors, the STEM component adds $3,275. The program mix tilts toward health and the sciences, and the earnings scenarios reflect that range.

The downside scenario, drawn from lower-earning program clusters, is $26,291; the upside scenario reaches $48,886. An estimated 37.2% of graduates continue to graduate study, based on the program mix.

The earnings scenarios show a range from $26,291 on the downside to $48,886 on the upside, with $33,230 as the typical scenario. The scenarios represent lower- and higher-earning program clusters.

At the upper end, Physics graduates earn $67,625 four years after completion, from 13 degrees awarded a year. Chemistry follows at $50,727, with 14 degrees awarded. The largest program, Nursing, reports $38,201 from 44 degrees a year.

Graduates of University of Puerto Rico-Humacao earn about $1,662 less than the model expects for similar students. Borrowers who finish carry a median of $5,500 in federal student loans, $15,729 below the $21,229 peer median for comparable institutions (same type and size).

That debt corresponds to an estimated payment of $63 a month if repaid over ten years. The average annual net price—what students pay after grants and scholarships—is $12,675.

The spread between the lowest and highest income bands is $7,511, with the lowest band averaging $12,036 and the highest $19,547.

What explains value-added earnings?

**Program & institutional factors The part attributed to observed institutional characteristics.**
+$4,358

**Unexplained remainder What remains after the model’s observed factors.**
\-$6,020

**Total modeled value added The modeled difference from expected earnings.**
\-$1,662

These are statistical model components, not proven causal effects; the remainder is not a direct measure of teaching quality.

[Read the full outcomes brief](/school/university-of-puerto-rico-humacao/outcomes/)

03 / University of Puerto Rico-Humacao briefing

## [University of Puerto Rico-Humacao acceptance rate & admissions](/school/university-of-puerto-rico-humacao/admissions/)[\[1\]](#hub-data-note-admission)[\[10\]](#hub-data-note-sat)[\[11\]](#hub-data-note-retention)

The University of Puerto Rico-Humacao admits just over half of its applicants, at 54.8%. That is well below the median of 85.9% for comparable institutions (same type and size).

Admissions

**Admission rate**
54.8%

[Read the full admissions brief](/school/university-of-puerto-rico-humacao/admissions/)

04 / University of Puerto Rico-Humacao briefing

## [What are the largest majors at University of Puerto Rico-Humacao?](/school/university-of-puerto-rico-humacao/majors/)[\[12\]](#hub-data-note-programs)

The highest-earning programs at University of Puerto Rico-Humacao are in the physical sciences, and they are not the largest. Physics graduates earn $67,625 four years after completion, from 13 degrees awarded a year.

The largest programs sit at more moderate earnings levels. Nursing awards 44 degrees a year and its graduates earn $38,201.

[Azimuth ranks](/analysis/college-program-rankings-how-to-actually-evaluate-programs/) it #303 nationally among nonprofit four-year institutions in its field. Microbiological Sciences and Immunology is the strongest program by national rank, at #37 in its field and #1 in Puerto Rico.

Its graduates earn $45,816 from 40 degrees awarded. Social Work, with 39 degrees a year, posts earnings of $29,644 and ranks #204 nationally.

Business accounts for 30.1% of bachelor's degrees awarded, followed by Biological Sciences at 26.2% and Health Professions at 11.4%. [Azimuth ranks](/analysis/college-program-rankings-how-to-actually-evaluate-programs/) 5 of the university's programs nationally.

The largest single program is Nursing, with 44 degrees awarded and median earnings of $38,201 four years after completion. Azimuth ranks it #303 within its field.

The best nationally ranked program is Microbiological Sciences and Immunology, at #37 nationally and #1 in Puerto Rico. It awarded 40 degrees and its completers earned a median of $45,816 four years out.

University of Puerto Rico-Humacao awards bachelor's degrees across 15 programs with published four-year earnings, 5 of which hold an Azimuth national rank. Business is the largest program family, accounting for 30.1% of degrees awarded, followed by Biological Sciences at 26.2% and Health Professions at 11.4%.

The largest single programs are Nursing with 44 degrees awarded, Biology with 43, and Accounting with 42. The highest-ranked program is Microbiological Sciences and Immunology, which awards 40 degrees a year and ranks #1 in Puerto Rico within its field.

International Business is also strong, ranking #60 nationally within its field and #1 in Puerto Rico, with 24 degrees awarded and median earnings of $38,062. The highest-earning program is Physics, where graduates earn a median of $67,625 four years after completion from a small cohort of 13 degrees awarded.

Chemistry follows at $50,727 with 14 degrees awarded. The largest program, Nursing, reports median earnings of $38,201 and ranks #303 nationally within its field.

The pattern is one of concentrated strength in the sciences. The top-ranked and highest-earning programs are mostly small to mid-sized, while the largest programs by degrees awarded sit further down the earnings and rankings lists.

29.8% of degrees awarded are in STEM fields, and the strongest outcomes follow the laboratory sciences rather than the professional programs.

Four-year earnings · six largest reported fields

**Registered Nursing, Nursing Administration, Nursing Research and Clinical Nursing 44 degrees awarded**
$38,201

**Biology, General 43 degrees awarded**
$35,613

**Accounting and Related Services 42 degrees awarded**
$33,999

**Microbiological Sciences and Immunology 40 degrees awarded**
$45,816

**Social Work 39 degrees awarded**
$29,644

**Radio, Television, and Digital Communication 31 degrees awarded**
$24,322

Fields selected by reported completions. Counts describe credentials awarded, not unique students or the earnings sample. Bars show median four-year earnings.

[Read the full majors brief](/school/university-of-puerto-rico-humacao/majors/)

05 / University of Puerto Rico-Humacao briefing

## [What colleges are similar to University of Puerto Rico-Humacao?](/school/university-of-puerto-rico-humacao/similar/)[\[15\]](#hub-data-note-peers)

Azimuth groups alternatives by admissions, location, cost and earnings, then orders candidates within each group. Peer earnings use the matched four-year cohort. [How matching works](/school/university-of-puerto-rico-humacao/similar/#peer-matching).

### A shortlist for different decisions

Choose a row to compare the figures with University of Puerto Rico-Humacao.

Admissions peerUniversity of Puerto Rico-Rio Piedras54.6% admitted+

Comparison with University of Puerto Rico-Humacao

| Measure | University of Puerto Rico-Humacao | University of Puerto Rico-Rio Piedras |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Peer earnings · 4 years | $33,230 | $36,313+$3,083 vs University of Puerto Rico-Humacao |
| Average annual net price | $12,675 | $9,175\-$3,500 vs University of Puerto Rico-Humacao · lower cost |
| Admission rate | 54.8% | 54.6% |

[Explore University of Puerto Rico-Rio Piedras →](/school/university-of-puerto-rico-rio-piedras/)

Higher-admission alternativeUniversity of Puerto Rico-Aguadilla81.4% admitted+

Comparison with University of Puerto Rico-Humacao

| Measure | University of Puerto Rico-Humacao | University of Puerto Rico-Aguadilla |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Peer earnings · 4 years | $33,230 | $29,117\-$4,113 vs University of Puerto Rico-Humacao |
| Average annual net price | $12,675 | $7,765\-$4,910 vs University of Puerto Rico-Humacao · lower cost |
| Admission rate | 54.8% | 81.4% |

[Explore University of Puerto Rico-Aguadilla →](/school/university-of-puerto-rico-aguadilla/)

Nearby alternativeUniversity of Puerto RicoNearby option · PR+

Comparison with University of Puerto Rico-Humacao

| Measure | University of Puerto Rico-Humacao | University of Puerto Rico |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Peer earnings · 4 years | $33,230 | $35,322+$2,092 vs University of Puerto Rico-Humacao |
| Average annual net price | $12,675 | $8,484\-$4,191 vs University of Puerto Rico-Humacao · lower cost |
| Admission rate | 54.8% | 35.3% |

[Explore University of Puerto Rico →](/school/university-of-puerto-rico/)

Higher-earnings alternativeFlorida Polytechnic University$86,952 earnings+

Comparison with University of Puerto Rico-Humacao

| Measure | University of Puerto Rico-Humacao | Florida Polytechnic University |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Peer earnings · 4 years | $33,230 | $86,952+$53,722 vs University of Puerto Rico-Humacao |
| Average annual net price | $12,675 | $11,853\-$822 vs University of Puerto Rico-Humacao · lower cost |
| Admission rate | 54.8% | 57.5% |

[Explore Florida Polytechnic University →](/school/florida-polytechnic-university/)

Lower-cost alternativeUniversity of Puerto Rico-Aguadilla$7,765 average net price+

Comparison with University of Puerto Rico-Humacao

| Measure | University of Puerto Rico-Humacao | University of Puerto Rico-Aguadilla |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Peer earnings · 4 years | $33,230 | $29,117\-$4,113 vs University of Puerto Rico-Humacao |
| Average annual net price | $12,675 | $7,765\-$4,910 vs University of Puerto Rico-Humacao · lower cost |
| Admission rate | 54.8% | 81.4% |

[Explore University of Puerto Rico-Aguadilla →](/school/university-of-puerto-rico-aguadilla/)

Similar profileUniversity of Puerto Rico-AreciboMatched across several measures+

Comparison with University of Puerto Rico-Humacao

| Measure | University of Puerto Rico-Humacao | University of Puerto Rico-Arecibo |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Peer earnings · 4 years | $33,230 | $30,977\-$2,253 vs University of Puerto Rico-Humacao |
| Average annual net price | $12,675 | $10,680\-$1,995 vs University of Puerto Rico-Humacao · lower cost |
| Admission rate | 54.8% | 59.2% |

[Explore University of Puerto Rico-Arecibo →](/school/university-of-puerto-rico-arecibo/)

Each school is the first-ranked match in its category, not a recommendation across every measure. The same college may lead more than one category. Figures use the matching snapshot; earnings reflect the matched four-year cohort. — means unavailable.

[Read the full similar schools brief](/school/university-of-puerto-rico-humacao/similar/)

## Data scope & methodology

Structured payloads generated September 27, 2026 · Governed hub narrative September 28, 2026 · Governed spoke corpus September 28, 2026

Four-year earnings describe cohorts of completers. Figures for other horizons describe different cohorts and are not joined into a career-growth projection.

Azimuth's overall rank and pillar percentiles come from the school profile. Absolute pillar ranks, city, enrollment and official-site links are shown only when structured data supplies them.

Detailed earnings, cost, admissions and program values come from the endpoint responsible for each measure. Missing values are not replaced with zero. Value-added estimates are model associations, not causal effects.

Figures are refreshed with each data release, at most a quarter apart. The underlying source dates can be earlier than the release.

Explanatory text is AI-assisted drafting checked against those figures; it is not an additional data source.

Analysis and methodology by [Daniel Rogers](/about/#founder), founder of College Azimuth.

[Read the ranking methodology, data definitions and limitations](/methodology/) · [About College Azimuth](/about/)

Read the analysis behind [value-added earnings](/analysis/a-value-added-approach-to-college-outcomes/) and the [change to four-year graduate earnings](/analysis/college-scorecard-2026-4-year-vs-10-year-earnings-2-2/). These articles are published on collegeazimuth.com.

## Data notes & source fields

Scorecard field codes identify the underlying measure; Azimuth-derived values are labeled separately. Snapshot dates are not measurement years. Source populations and reporting periods differ across measures. Field definitions are in the [U.S. Department of Education · College Scorecard documentation](https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/files/InstitutionDataDocumentation.pdf); notes with a different source link it below.

1.  **Admission rate.** Reported applicants admitted; not a transfer-specific or individual admission probability.
    
    Source fields: `ADM_RATE`
    
2.  **Six-year completion.** First-time, full-time students completing at the institution within 150% of normal time, typically six years for a bachelor’s degree.
    
    Source fields: `C150_4`
    
3.  **Four-year institutional earnings.** Median earnings of graduates in the reported cohort who are working and not enrolled, four years after completion.
    
    Source fields: `MD_EARN_WNE_4YR`
    
4.  **Median federal student debt.** Federal student-loan debt among completers in the reported borrowing cohort. Excludes Parent PLUS and is not total debt across all students.
    
    Source fields: `GRAD_DEBT_MDN`
    
5.  **National, regional and state ranks; pillar percentiles; major ranks.** Derived scores within the stated eligible comparison set, not raw Scorecard fields. Major ranks compare institutions within a field; their denominators differ.
    
    Source fields: `Azimuth rankings`
    
    [College Azimuth · Ranking methodology](/methodology/)
    
6.  **Annual net price by family income.** Average annual cost after grants and scholarships for the eligible first-time, full-time aid-recipient cohort. Public-school figures reflect in-state tuition. Includes living costs; these are averages, not medians or individual offers.
    
    Source fields: `NPT4_PUB/PRIV; NPT41_PUB/PRIV through NPT45_PUB/PRIV`
    
7.  **Parent PLUS debt, payments and GPS illustration.** Stored payments use Financial GPS loan and repayment assumptions. The adjustable spectrum applies the published framework to annual student payments divided by earnings minus an expense allowance; its initial allowance is 150% of the federal poverty guideline for one person, for the year the API serves. It is an illustration rather than a school rating. The parent table is the 10-year payment on the median Parent PLUS as a share of household income above 200% of the guideline for a household of three: under 6% Safe, 6–10% Caution, over 10% High pressure. Parent PLUS uses the completer median where available, otherwise the all-borrower median; these describe different borrowing populations.
    
    Source fields: `PLUS_DEBT_ALL_COMP_MD; fallback PLUS_DEBT_ALL_MD; Azimuth Financial GPS calculations`
    
    [College Azimuth · Financial GPS methodology](/analysis/financial-gps-framework/)
    
8.  **Downside and upside earnings; yellow band.** The band spans the modeled lower and higher scenarios. It is not the P25–P75 interval for individual graduates. The median marker is the separately reported institutional median.
    
    Source fields: `Azimuth modeled program-mix scenarios`
    
    [College Azimuth · Earnings scenario methodology](/analysis/median-roi-hides-a-harsh-reality/)
    
9.  **Value added and its components.** Observed-factor attribution plus the unexplained remainder equals total modeled value added. These are associations, not proven causal effects; the remainder is not a direct measure of teaching quality.
    
    Source fields: `Azimuth statistical model`
    
    [College Azimuth · Value-added methodology](/analysis/a-value-added-approach-to-college-outcomes/)
    
10.  **SAT score range and reported midpoint.** Reported scores of enrolled score-submitters, not admission cutoffs. The midpoint field is not necessarily the middle of the displayed range.
     
     Source fields: `SATVR25 + SATMT25; SATVR75 + SATMT75; SAT_AVG`
     
11.  **First-year retention.** Retention of the reported full-time cohort at four-year institutions.
     
     Source fields: `RET_FT4`
     
12.  **Program earnings, completion counts and major-mix dots.** Included bachelor’s programs have at least five reported completions. Counts are aggregated credentials, not unique people or an earnings sample. Major-mix dots group those counts by field of study; excluded programs are not zero activity.
     
     Source fields: `EARN_MDN_4YR; IPEDSCOUNT1; CIPCODE`
     
     [College Scorecard · Field-of-study technical documentation](https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/assets/FieldOfStudyDataDocumentation.pdf)
     
13.  **Pell recipients.** Share of undergraduates receiving a Pell Grant in the reported academic year.
     
     Source fields: `PCTPELL`
     
14.  **Entering students outside the first-time, full-time group.** This is not an observed transfer-in rate. It includes part-time entrants and other entering-student attendance patterns.
     
     Source fields: `1 − PFTFTUG1_EF`
     
15.  **Peer earnings and signed differences.** Differences are peer minus this school, from the same matching snapshot. A positive earnings difference does not mean the peer is better on every measure.
     
     Source fields: `Azimuth peer model using MD_EARN_WNE_4YR`
     
     [College Azimuth · Comparison methodology](/methodology/)
     

[How to interpret program rankings](/analysis/college-program-rankings-how-to-actually-evaluate-programs/)
